You would think this would be 24/7 headline news, but it isn’t. The terrorist takeover began Sunday morning, but the regular news outlets barely covered it. Only on Twitter was it discussed at any length, thanks to the hashtag #OregonUnderAttack.
Now that it is a regular non-holiday workday, the media is starting to report it. Before then, the only real outlet covering the story was The Oregonian.
What’s at the center of this issue is the federal land management, and two people: Dwight Hammond, age 73, and his son Steve Hammond, age 46. These men are ranchers in Oregon. Strap yourselves in.
Hammond Ranches owns about 12,000 acres in the Diamond-Frenchglen area. They use this ground to run cattle during the winter. Until two years ago the Hammonds used 26,420 acres of land belonging to the U.S. Bureau of Land Management for summer grazing (the U.S. government gives out grazing permits).
Now, when it comes to ranching, fire is an important tool. It is used to burn invasive species that crowd out native grass and other plants. Fire can kill those pests, leaving plenty of grazing (on the non-burned grass/plants) for the cattle.
The problem is, fire is also a threat. Recent wildfires have scorched hundreds of thousands of acres in this territory, putting the ground off limits for grazing. Cattle have been killed in the runaway blazes, and lives endangered.
In 1999, Dwight Hammond got a stern letter from the local manager for the federal land bureau saying that Steve Hammond had set a fire that spread to federal ground. The letter said Steve told officials in a subsequent meeting that he “did not believe there was any way to control fire behavior or where it would burn, and that he did not take any action to prevent the fire from burning.” Nevertheless, the Hammonds got off with a warning.
The problem started with two more fires set by the Hammonds — one in 2001 and one in 2006.
The fire in 2001 was a simple prescribed burn. According to Steve and Dwight Hammond, it was intended to take out invasive juniper. But federal prosecutors said the men’s real motive for starting the blaze, which consumed 139 acres and forestalled grazing for two seasons, was to cover up evidence of an illegal slaughter of deer. The government presented evidence that Steven Hammond called an emergency dispatcher to ask if it was OK to burn — roughly two hours after they already lit the fire. His attorney said in court that Hammond called the land bureau beforehand.
The government acknowledged that the next fire, in 2006, was intended as a defensive move. Steve Hammond set backfires to keep a lightning-caused fire from burning onto the Hammonds’ ranch and hitting their winter feed. But the government said Steve Hammond lit up on the flanks of a butte, despite a countywide burn ban and the knowledge that young part-time firefighters were camped up higher. Their crew boss spotted the fires, which were set at night, and moved the crew, but campers and others were in danger.
The two men were indicted and convicted in 2010 on federal arson charges. On top of sentencing for arson, they also faced sentencing under the federal Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, which reads in pertinent part:
SEC. 708. ENHANCED PENALTIES FOR USE OF EXPLOSIVES OR ARSON CRIMES.
(a) In General.--Section 844 of title 18, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) in subsection (e), by striking ``five'' and inserting
``10'';
(2) by amending subsection (f) to read as follows:
``(f)(1) Whoever maliciously damages or destroys, or attempts to
damage or destroy, by means of fire or an explosive, any building,
vehicle, or other personal or real property in whole or in part owned or
possessed by, or leased to, the United States, or any department or
agency thereof, shall be imprisoned for not less than 5 years and not
more than 20 years, fined under this title, or both.
Hammonds’ lawyers argued that the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 did not apply to the Hammonds — after all, they weren’t terrorists.
But the government argued that it didn’t matter. The portion that dealt with enhanced penalties for explosion and arson crimes did not say the defendant HAD to be a “terrorist”.
You can understand why this was part of the law. Timothy McVeigh blew up the Murrow Federal Building in Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995, killing 168 people, including children. The assumption behind Section 708 of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (quoted above) was… well, if you are blowing up or setting fire to federal property, you must be a terrorist.
To his credit (in my opinion), U.S. District Judge Michael Hogan opined that although Section 708 applied to the crime committed by the Hammonds, Congress did not intend it to apply to people like the Hammonds. A five year prison term would be unconstitutional as cruel and unusual punishment, the judge said. “It would be a sentence which would shock the conscience,” Hogan added before sentencing Dwight to three months and Steve to one year.
The two men served their time, but the District Attorney appealed the case to the Ninth Circuit. The Ninth Circuit reasonably ruled (in my opinion) that Section 708 set out a mandatory sentence of “not less than five years”. The words “shall be” (which I emboldened above) are not “may be”.
So, the Hammonds were ordered back to prison to serve a five year sentence each. They are supposed to start serving today.
But believe it or not, this has little to do with the Hammonds’ sentence.
Federal agencies own and regulate huge chunks of land in western states like Oregon and Nevada. The United States of America holds deed to three-fourths of Harney County. Ranching done for a century and more is under pressure from environmentalists, recreationalists, and hunters.
…
As such, those with anti-government views, particularly in western states, often focus on the federal government ‘s land-use policies. The plight of the Hammonds has become a rallying call for one militia and patriot group after another. Men who see tyranny in federal acts are standing for the two men. The Hammonds’ case — and the change to their sentencing, just further fed into views of a tyrannical federal government out of control.
For example, the federal government sued the Hammonds for $1 million the costs of fighting the fires that they set. In late 2014, the Hammonds settled the lawsuit, agreeing the federal government $400,000. That has been paid.
But the settlement also required the Hammonds to give the land bureau first chance at buying a particular ranch parcel adjacent to public land if they intended to sell. For some, this is evidence that the government was going after the Hammonds in order to increase its property holdings — a “land grab” the “militia” members would say. There is little evidence to support that.
So how did the yahoos get involved? Well, on Saturday, members of the militia attended a demonstration in Burns, Oregon. The purpose was to protest the Hammonds’ case. After the protest, the militiamen drove to the wildlife refuge and took it over.
It seems that the militiamen may have initially planned to seize the wildlife refuge headquarters in order to establish a “sanctuary” where the Hammonds could go to evade prison.
One of the most outspoken of the militia-terrorists is Ammon Bundy, whose father Cliven Bundy became a Fox News star in 2014 for his armed standoff in Nevada with the federal government over cattle-grazing rights. (see earlier postings about that controversy). His brother Ryan is another occupier.
What do they want? Ammon talked to some press people:
The group is demanding that the Hammonds be released and that the federal government give up control of the Malheur National Forest.
As Ammon Bundy sees it, the locals are “not strong enough” to stand up for themselves, so the militia must act as the “tip of the spear” and lead the fight on behalf of the locals.
Thus, Bundy and his fellow militiamen have seized the headquarters of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge — located in a remote area some 50 miles southeast of the city of Burns — in hopes of creating a “base” where “patriots” like themselves can come, with their guns, to live and make their stand against the “tyrannical” federal government. Several pickup trucks blocked the entrance to the refuge Sunday, with armed men wearing camouflage and winter gear stationed outside. The exact number of armed men is unknown. It’s worth nothing that the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge visitors’ center is probably one of the least critical spots to occupy in all of the United States.
So far, it’s not going well for these “patriots”. It turns out that the Hammonds don’t actually want the militia’s help — or at least, not anymore.
At first, according to the Oregonian, the Hammonds “accepted the militia’s offer of help to avoid prison.” But they “changed their minds after being warned by federal prosecutors to stop communicating with the militia” and have now “professed through their attorneys that they had no interest in ignoring the order to report for prison.”
Ammon also tried to recruit residents from the surrounding area, reportedly meeting with 10 or so locals, but they all turned him down.
The Oregonian interviewed some locals who expressed sympathy for the Hammonds and for the militia’s “constitutional arguments” but ultimately rejected the militia for its extremism.
The militia, the local fire chief told the newspaper, “seems like a bunch of people ready to shoot. I don’t want that in my county.”
Chatter on right wing blogs about the story is muted. Breitbart News hasn’t touched it, except for one transitional paragraph at the start of a story recapping the Cliven BBundy matter in Nevada.
Texas Sen. Ted Cruz said he hoped that the protesters would step aside, adding that “our prayers right now are with everyone involved in what’s happening with Oregon, and especially those in law enforcement that are risking their lives.”
“Every one of us has a constitutional right to protest, to speak our minds. But we don’t have a constitutional right to use force and violence and to threaten force and violence on others,” he said. “And so it is our hope that the protesters there will stand down peaceably, that there will not be a violent confrontation.”
Florida Sen. Marco Rubio decried the occupation as “lawless” and urged those involved in the standoff to pursue what they wanted through more lawful, constructive means.
But that’s not what they intend to do. According to an Oregonian reporter…
I talked to Ryan Bundy on the phone again. He said they’re willing to kill and be killed if necessary. #OregonUnderAttack
— Ian Kullgren (@IanKullgren) January 3, 2016
Is the situation dangerous? Not last night. There was virtually no law enforcement presence of any sort.
Militia guys are offering to help a reporter change a flat tire. Aww.
— Ian Kullgren (@IanKullgren) January 3, 2016
But now, as the sun comes up, the FBI has arrived and set up a briefing center. The Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, and local schools in the area are closed today. I feel bad for The City of Burns Police Department which has three officers – the Chief and two officers – and an administrative assistant.
All told, this appears to be an act of terrorism. When it comes to the Hammond arsons — yes, I can easily see why that was NOT terrorism. But armed men taking over a federal building and demanding land — that’s insurrection, if not domestic terrorism.
And needless to say, the disparity in news coverage as well as law enforcement response, which compared to — say — Ferguson (where protesters had no guns and took no federal property) is astounding. Also, they are being called “protesters”, rather than terrorists.
It is unclear how this will play out. But soime people are serious. Here’s one guy saying the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is a tyrannical agency so he has made a suicide video and has promised to die for “the constitution.”
P.S. Most of Oregon used to be Indian land. Now we see a bunch of white guys complaining about a tyrannical oppressive government. Irony.
To be continued….
UPDATE: The terrorists want you to join them “to prevent bloodshed”…
UPDATE: This is a slow-moving story. I guess the government tactic is to wait them out until they get bored. Which means no developments for days, weeks, or maybe even months. But….
#Breaking: Oregon militia now wants to be known as “Citizens for Constitutional Freedom.”
— Katie Zavadski (@katiezavadski) January 4, 2016
I guess “Patriots For God and Freedom’s Constitution of Citizens Together United for American’s Constitutional Second Amendment Crusaders and OathKeepers” was taken.
Anyway, the posted some signs and it looks like they are running low on the letter n.
ANOTHER UPDATE: HuffPo says the “militia” wants a standoff with the FBI, but the FBI isn’t taking the bait:
The FBI is working closely with state police, and FBI officials are busy establishing a public information office in Burns. But due to a number of factors — the crisis is unfolding in a remote part of Oregon; it doesn’t appear to be a life-or-death situation; and there are no hostages involved — law enforcement officials want to avoid unnecessarily escalating the standoff, the source said. The FBI instead hopes to get a better handle on the situation over the next few days.
The FBI will not be releasing specific information about law enforcement movements, but it is working with local law enforcement agencies to “bring a peaceful resolution to the situation at the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge,” officials from the bureau said in a statement.
***
For now, there are no sirens, no police cars zooming to the seized building and no SWAT teams arriving in armored vehicles. In the parking lot of the refuge’s headquarters building, journalists mingle freely with activists. The 30-mile stretch of road between Burns and the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, where the militants are holed up, is snowy and barren.
Below the fold…. The Onion summarizes everything
During a rally in Oregon for two ranchers convicted of arson, a group of anti-government protesters initiated the armed occupation of a federal building at the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge. Here is everything you need to know about the militia standoff:
Where is the standoff taking place?
The headquarters of Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, future capital of the Free Republic Of America.
How did this start?
Protests began after local ranchers Dwight and Steven Hammond were ordered to return to prison because their time already served for committing arson did not meet minimum-sentencing laws, which, to be fair, often do more harm than good and are certainly worthy of reevaluation.
Who are the ranchers protesting against?
Gub’ment.
Why did the ranchers take over the federal wildlife building?
You big-city folk wouldn’t understand.
How many people are involved in the standoff?
An estimated 150 militia members who would otherwise be armed and spouting anti-government rhetoric somewhere else.
What are the protesters’ demands?
$5 million in cash and safe passage to 1874.
Is there legitimacy to their complaints?
Compared to the plight of the Oregon’s nearly extinct short-tailed albatross? Absolutely not.
Who is Ammon Bundy?
An American patriot who is currently living inside a government wildlife building in the middle of Oregon to defend ranchers who burned down 130 acres of federal land.
Are the protesters violent?
They have vowed to only seek a peaceful overthrow of the entire U.S. federal government.
How long are they planning to stay?
As long as their supply of whiskey and bison chili lasts.
What is the militia ultimately hoping to achieve?
Garner enough attention over next few weeks to be brought onstage during rally for a low-polling GOP candidate.
Is the protest going to work?
Nope.